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E-invoicing in a nutshell

Germany, France and Belgium are moving to mandatory structured e-invoices. Here are the basics, the key dates, the right tool for every task and all our guides — in plain English.

What is an e-invoice?

An e-invoice is an invoice in a structured electronic format based on the European standard EN 16931 that software can process without retyping. Common formats are XRechnung (pure XML, UBL or CII syntax), ZUGFeRD / Factur-X (a PDF with embedded XML) and Peppol BIS Billing 3.0 (UBL). A plain PDF is not an e-invoice.

Key dates

CountryWhat applies (as of October 2026)
GermanyAll businesses must be able to receive e-invoices since 1 Jan 2025; issuing becomes mandatory in stages until 1 Jan 2028.
FranceFrom 1 Sept 2026 all VAT-registered companies must be able to receive e-invoices and large and mid-sized companies must issue them; SMEs and micro-businesses follow on 1 Sept 2027.
BelgiumStructured B2B e-invoicing between Belgian VAT-registered businesses has been mandatory since 1 Jan 2026, with Peppol BIS Billing 3.0 as the default.

Details and sources: EU e-invoicing mandates and e-invoicing in Germany.

Which tool for which task?

You want to …Tool
read a received XRechnung, Factur-X or Peppol invoiceE-invoice viewer
turn XML invoices into PDFsXRechnung to PDF
export many invoices to a spreadsheetE-invoices to Excel
write a new e-invoice (XRechnung, ZUGFeRD, Peppol)E-invoice generator
convert a PDF invoice into an e-invoicePDF to e-invoice
keep your own PDF layoutZUGFeRD from PDF
check an invoice for errorsE-invoice validator
switch between UBL, CII, ZUGFeRD and PeppolE-invoice converter
extract the XML from a ZUGFeRD PDFZUGFeRD extractor
check a German Leitweg-IDLeitweg-ID checker
add a payment QR code to an invoiceEPC QR code generator
All tools run in your browser — invoices are never uploaded. They create, read, validate and convert files; they do not transmit invoices (we are not a Peppol access point or a French certified platform).

All e-invoicing guides

As of October 2026. General information, not legal or tax advice.

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